Energy markets refer to the trade and exchange of energy resources, such as electricity, natural gas, and oil, between buyers and sellers. These markets allow for the efficient allocation of resources, pricing of energy commodities, and promotion of competition among suppliers. Energy markets can be regulated or deregulated, and can take various forms such as spot markets, futures markets, and over-the-counter markets. Factors that impact energy markets include supply and demand dynamics, government policies, technological advancements, and geopolitical events. Studying energy markets involves analyzing market trends, pricing mechanisms, regulatory frameworks, and the impact of market structures on energy security, sustainability, and affordability. Energy market research is essential for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and investors to make informed decisions and develop strategies for a sustainable energy future.